RUDN Modern Media System Course Blog

  By: Said EL MARDA Moroccan media roots can be traced back to the colonial period when Morocco was a protectorate of France and Spain from 1912 to 1956. The colonial powers introduced the print press in its modern form, and Spain played an essential role in establishing several publications in the northern cities of Ceuta, Tangiers, and Tetouan. As early as 1820. Unlike radio, which was controlled by foreign powers from 1928 until independence in 1956, print media represented a site of political struggle. Moroccan nationalists published their first Arabic papers, Lisan Al-Maghreb and Sinan Al-Qalam, in 1907 to promote nationalist ideas among educated Moroccan elites as tools of liberation. The French colonialists responded by introducing several Press Codes to administer and regulate the nationalist print press. After independence in 1956, the print press remained a tool that was used widely in the struggle between the state and the opposition parties. Local radio broadcasting, ad

  By: Cao Yinfei (Nick)         I know that China always be critisized as "a country we no freedom". Here I want to say, "you can never wake up someone who pretend to sleep."     Maybe you have heard that, in China, all media are belong to goverment. This is 50% right. Yes indeed, maybe it sounds so terrible that "everything is belongs to government". But we should know that, in a socialism country, people are the true owner of everything.      From this example, we can see that, Halin and Mancini models are not very suitable for Chinese media history. And more important is, when the time went to the new era, digital era, the new born Chinese private media are increase so fast. Just like Tik Tok, Weibo, WeChat, Bilibili and so on. They are playing a more important role in the market of media. Right now, 60% of media are belong to country and 40% of them are private. This new balance is working well in China rigth now. It can make sure that the message and

Galkin Daniil The photo was made by Ilya Nayamushin, Reuters. The topic of two media - Soviet and Russian - is very interesting and relevant not just at this time, but right now, today. The Soviet media system sharply highlights its authoritarianism, censorship, and focus on the propaganda of the ruling party, which we even study as such. In this post, I will try to compare these two time periods, using the model of Hallin and Mancini, according to its four fundamental factors. The structure of the media market Newspapers and radio were the main directions of media in the USSR. There were many of them, almost every region supported its own party, spread messages through articles glorifying communism and the great ideas of Stalin, perestroika, and a brighter future. In principle, nothing has changed in Russia, except that newspapers have been replaced by television. The fee for it is minimal, the content can be easily distributed, the coverage of advertising, due to constant broadcastin

The comparison of Chinese media system。 Since the founding of New China, tremendous changes have taken place in the management system of Chinese media under the specific historical background. The development process includes the following four periods:  1. Initial stage -- the beginning of media development  Before 1978, the operating funds were directly allocated by the government. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the media industry formed a relatively complete news network in just a few years. The Party and the government formulated a series of rules and regulations to regulate the media work, established the operation and management system suitable for the national conditions at that time, and clarified the enterprise status of the newspaper. At the end of 1949, a meeting of newspaper managers was held in Beijing. Newspapers in this period began to implement corporate management, specific measures are: correct adjustment of quotation; Pay att

                    -   Papiya Mondal • India is the largest democracy of the world with a vibrant mediascape and there is a complicated relationship between Indian media and political systems. •Indian media system after democracy (1947) :1975 Indira Gandhi's(3rd PM of india)declared a state of emergency and suspended civil liberties.Immediately after this declaration, the government tightened its controls on the Indian mass media, especially on the newspapers which had reputations of being free.1977,Morarji Desai(4th pm) again work for press freedom. •Using Hallin and Mancini(2004) models of media systems on Indian press and political system.Indian political system is characterized by 'clientelism' and "polarized pluralism' thus yielding high 'political parallelism' and 'instrumentalisation' of media at the hands of political and corporate elites. Commercialization of media has ensued weak professionalism among journalists and media organizations.

By: Zheng Haoyuan (John) （The following are personal opinions）     I think the same objective thing is under the influence of different backgrounds, political positions, and values. It will be presented with different views. This also applies to the Chinese media system. Because the samples analyzed by these three media system models are all Western capitalist countries.       Due to the differences in economic and political systems, I think one of these three models cannot fully summarize the Chinese media system. However, we can still try to analyze the Chinese media system in four main dimensions. First, in terms of the development of the media market: among the TOP 10 most socially valuable media in China in 2019, the central media accounted for six and the commercial media accounted for four. The central media does not have management power over the commercial media, and according to the data it can be concluded that without violating Chinese laws, the central and commercial media

  Author:ZhangJiahui(Lucas) Chinese media are state-owned rather than private, and print media, radio and television are actually controlled by the Party and the government. To take the simplest example, almost all channels broadcast rigourous and serious news broadcasts advocating the country's political line on time at 7 p.m. every night. Major newspapers are also writing about the plans and measures of the Party and the state. All these show that on the one hand, China's media are instrumentalised as a way to publicise the national system, which is exactly in line with the model under the Soviet communist concept. Although the dominance of today's Chinese media is still in traditional media, more and more people begin to pay attention to news and the situation from the field of new media, but China's new media still has a certain tendency of the party and the government. According to the Statistical Report on the Development of China's Internet Network, as of Dec

 by Reggie Liu I can tell you a story about me. On July 5, 2009, a terrorist attack occurred in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, which had a very bad impact on both at home and abroad. For me, a native of Xinjiang, as my hometown, it completely affected the life track and future of our generation Since then, Xinjiang has quickly cut off the connection between the whole of Xinjiang and the outside world in one day. It has cut off the Internet and prohibited people from waiting to leave the province and go abroad. This is to find out the terrorists hidden in Xinjiang. However, for China, which has just entered the new era of the Internet at that time, the people of Xinjiang are undoubtedly out of line with national development and the international community. As a native of Xinjiang, I understood the significance of doing so at that time, but our signals were supervised. Only LAN and TV could only see Xinjiang's own TV stations, which also cut off the communication betwee

 By：He YiPeng（Bruce） I think we should discuss the problem in stages.   In the first stage, the whole world was in a barbaric state, with no civilization or even human beings, but only some single-celled, low-level creatures. At that time, even without any information exchange, the world was still functioning normally, and natural laws dominated the whole world, and everything was "natural".   In the second stage, the exchange of information began as soon as humans emerged, even though language did not exist.   Human ancestors tried to understand each other's meaning through simple information exchange, and only by cooperating with each other and taking care of each other could they survive in the harsh environment and cruel competition.   When human civilization began, in order to continuously improve living conditions and lifestyles, it was more necessary to communicate with each other and form a unity, so as to promote the continuous development of productive forces an

  JOBIN KANIYAMPARAMBIL ISSAC                                         So how would you communicate with your family or get help if communications go down? If you found yourself in the middle of a wide-scale disaster such as a hurricane or other catastrophe and you had no government coming to help for a while, how would you communicate with your family or others? What if the power grid went down? You won’t be able to rely on your cell phone. There are alternatives, however. This is a pretty long article that goes into some good detail, but if you want the short answer, this is what you need. I’ll go over the basics of some emergency communication methods but if you want more detail, check out Personal Emergency Communications: Staying in Touch Post-Disaster: Technology, Gear and Planning. Short-term emergencies have shown the limitations of using cell phones to coordinate with each other. Even if the towers are operational, they can’t handle the added traffic of millions of people tryin

 By Said El marda Communication is not only referring to verbal communication but to even hand signals, texting on a technical device, written communication, listening communication, facial expressions, pointing at things, and other such things. If no humans are able to communicate with each other, then life would literally be worthless and useless, we would not be able to create any relationship with each other, so the first man would just die. Even to such basic functions as mating, communication is needed; we also would not be able to create any basic or even more structured form of society. Humans also are born without knowledge, and lose all their knowledge when they die. Scientific progress is very much a social phenomenon since it has to be communicated down generations through a social structure in order to build upon it generation after generation. Without communication, scientific progress and technological innovation would be impossible. We need to communicate so that w

By Hassan Zeinab       I believe each one of us might have thought about it from time to time. What would happen if the world lost its way to communicate? Being just left to deal with everything with no way of communication. Is it even possible? Or could the world even survive?    Communication has been around since the beginning of life, not only between humans but all alive creatures. So it shouldn’t be hard to to imagine what it would be like than, without any form of communication. Yet, when asking that question or even thinking about it, the answer is extremely difficult to find. What would life be like? Maybe it would be easier to think of what life wouldn’t be like!    There will be no more stories to tell! Stories are all about communication. Not even our thoughts will work!  How would we think? Thoughts would change from a very wordy process in the brain to a string of need and want. The words would vanish and nothing would be left. Even in our brains the imagination would col

By Papiya Mondal  Well be a part of 21st century and thinking about a world without communication we can think about the old century when people didn't have language and and no way of communication. Ofcourse it was and it would be so hard  in a  daily life that we can explain  through a child. Without the ability for a child to communicate fully or to understand what is happening in their day, a child can feel completely out of control, lonely and helpless. This can lead to regression, aggression, frustration, and behavioural expression and the results is hitting, biting, pushing, etc. Communication basically means transferring information from one person or party to another. If we couldn't communicate at all, how would anything work How would you let someone know you were hungry or need a doctor or ask questions and teach children? When there is no communication people won’t able to share there perspective. They will have to anylise each and everything themselves. Without comm

  By Bernarda Vasquez ____________________________ Wanting to imagine a human world without communication is as impossible as wanting to describe it without communication. As Aristotle said "Man is by nature a social animal” and “Society is something that precedes the individual", which means that we need to form relationships with other people in order to live, work together and develop our potential vocations. Therefore, to build and endure these relationships we need communication. Communication can be explained as the exchange of information between individuals using words, text, sounds, symbols, expressions and/or behaviors. For this process to be successful, the message must be understood by the receiver, who should be able to decode it. The easiest way to interpret this is, that both the source and receiver know the same language and are able to understand the message within its context and without interference. However communication has existed even before languages a

By: Yara Hasan.   “Social contact with others is as basic a human need as food, shelter, and water,” says Dr. Matthew Lieberman, a researcher in the Department of Social Psychology at Harvard University.   We are primarily social personalities and our entire lives are built on relationships and social interactions with others, and good relationships do not exist without effective communication. However, Most people give up to the misconception that the ability to communicate with others is a natural trait that cannot be learned, while the ability to communicate effectively is an emotional intelligence skill that can be learned with diligence and practice.   In my opinion, the communication is the reason that unites us in life, that gives our lives meaning and something to look forward. It doesn't matter with whom we are talking, what we know is that communication, Our ability to feel connected is the reason we are here, so i can be so sure that life could be meaningless, closed and

 By：Cухад/sühad     My article talks about technology and social communication, and what would happen if social media platforms disappeared, how would our lives be? The difference in life without technology and social communication     We can't even imagine living without social media, in a world where our phones are the first and last thing we see every morning and evening.     Social media has its benefits. For example, we can keep in touch with our loved ones, or communicate through networks, or meet new friends, our life on the Internet can affect our reality and our surroundings greatly. And it can become worrisome when a friend or partner's online time starts to change the dynamic of the relationship.     Life without social media, I think, there is a kind of positivity. But at the same time, we do not need to communicate through websites, as it has become very important, and with the increase in the number of people who use social media around the world day after day, it

 By Galkin Daniil Spoilers: It really isn't.  Multiple pieces of media touched upon the idea of isolation and loneliness, for example, the famous movie "I am Legend" starring Will Smith. Even there, the main hero can't comprehensevely continue his journey without a companion - a dog, which becomes his outlet for relaying his ideas, feelings and fears. Without communication, we as human beings become stagnant, we can't strive to achieve results. Humanity reached its peak due to ideas of multiple, not just one. For those reasons we have science fairs, internet discussions and, even, media - to relay our ideas, so that our crudely created existence can be polished and can become a much greater experience for future generations. A world without communication will wither, stop and simply become a shell of what it originally was. We've seen a lot of examples when words, no matter if they are carefully prepared or said on a whim, can inspire a future which is unpredi

By：Zheng HaoYuan（John） We can imagine a world where everyone is isolated from each other, and when individuals are cut off from any interaction with the outside world, then communication will cease to exist, and we will try to depict a world without communication by the role of communication, without which information cannot be exchanged, then everything we have will cease to exist, and human beings will degenerate to a stage where they cannot be called human. Because communication is the basis on which the idea of a "human being" is created. I used to think that we communicate as long as we want to communicate, and that any communication is purposeful and controlled by our consciousness. But what I failed to realize was that we often communicate without purpose, and sometimes without any hope of communication. Whether we engage in interaction or not, we must respond in some way. Even if we choose not to react verbally, even if we remain absolutely silent and try to remain mo